Actually, melanoma (black mole cancer) is most common in people who work indoors and burn because of sun exposure on weekends and vacations. Your risk is greatest if you have light skin, eyes, and hair, or if you have a history of irregularly shaped moles. Melanoma is most common in people under 57, and it's the number one cancer in women 25 to 29. According to dermatologist Robert Friedman, M.D., a clinical associate professor at NYU Medical School, "Recent research indicates there may be a link between melanoma and pancreatic and breast cancer; a personal or family history of any makes you a candidate for another."
I didn't think a cancerous spot was such a big deal. Can't it just be removed?
"If you catch it early and excise it, melanoma is 100 percent curable," says Stephen Krant, M.D., the plastic surgeon who founded the SK Clinic in La Jolla, California. The death rate is going down, but the incidence of melanoma is rising. Dr. Krant advocates training aestheticians to point out questionable moles and suggest clients see their dermatologists. "Barbers, too, can be astute in spotting a lesion on the scalp," Dr. Friedman notes.
What's your best advice to prevent melanoma?
Boycott tanning beds. Wear cover-ups and wide-brimmed hats - see sundayafternoons.com for great styles. Apply sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply frequently. Do self-exams (see sidebar) and get an annual head-to-toe check from your dermatologist (more often if you're at high risk). Also, says Anna Pavlick, M.D., an oncologist in New York City, "Have annual eye exams and wear sunglasses; the depletion of the ozone layer has caused an increase in ocular melanoma."
Performing a Self-Examination
- Note the location and usual appearance of birthmarks, moles, and blemishes so you'll spot future changes.
- Check the front and back of your body, then raise your arms and examine the sides.
Examine your arms and hands. - Check the backs and fronts of your legs.
- Look between your buttocks and around your genitals.
- Sit and examine your feet, including the soles and spaces between toes.
Check your face, neck, and scalp.
Robert Friedman, M.D., and his colleagues Darell Reigel, M.D., and Alfred Kopf, M.D., devised the ABCDE system. See a dermatologist if you find any of these warning signs.
- Asymmetry: If the mole were folded in half, the sides wouldn't match.
- Border Irregularity: The mole's edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
- Color: The mole is a non-uniform mixture of brown, black, red, white, or blue.
- Diameter: The mole is wider than 6 millimeters (the size of a pencil eraser).
- Evolving: The mole changes in size, shape, color, or symmetry.
